CompTIA Network+ Practice Test 2025 - Free Network+ Practice Questions and Exam Prep Guide

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is specifically designed to prevent loops in network topologies that utilize Ethernet. In networking, loops can occur when there are multiple paths between switches, which can lead to broadcast storms and degrade network performance. STP works by identifying and disabling redundant paths in the topology while allowing for a single active path, thus ensuring that there is no looping of data.

STP operates by electing a root bridge and determining the shortest paths from the root bridge to all other switches in the network. It actively listens to the network and can re-enable paths if the primary path becomes unavailable, thus providing resilience without the risk of looping. This characteristic makes it essential for maintaining a stable and efficient Ethernet network.

In contrast, the other protocols listed serve different functions. RIP and OSPF are both routing protocols that manage the routing of data packets across networks but do not specifically address loop prevention within switch networks. VLANs are used to segment network traffic but do not provide loop protection by themselves. Therefore, STP is the protocol specifically utilized for loop protection in networking environments.